{"id":104795,"date":"2008-11-26T14:27:44","date_gmt":"2008-11-26T14:27:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/historia-univerzity\/"},"modified":"2026-04-24T10:39:49","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T08:39:49","slug":"historia-univerzity","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/en\/historia-univerzity\/","title":{"rendered":"History of the University"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized is-style-default wp-duotone-unset-1\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Banner-UPJS-1170x400-OLD-anglicky-1024x350.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-88031\" style=\"box-shadow:var(--wp--preset--shadow--deep);aspect-ratio:2.925930886686311;width:1124px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Banner-UPJS-1170x400-OLD-anglicky-1024x350.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Banner-UPJS-1170x400-OLD-anglicky-300x103.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Banner-UPJS-1170x400-OLD-anglicky-768x263.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Banner-UPJS-1170x400-OLD-anglicky.jpg 1170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id104795_500586-63 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id104795_500586-63 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id104795_500586-63 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id104795_500586-63 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id104795_500586-63 > 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.kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column104795_35dbee-36{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column104795_35dbee-36 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column104795_35dbee-36 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column104795_35dbee-36\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kadence-column104795_ed21f9-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column104795_ed21f9-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column104795_ed21f9-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column104795_ed21f9-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column104795_ed21f9-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column104795_ed21f9-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column104795_ed21f9-a3{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column104795_ed21f9-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column104795_ed21f9-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column104795_ed21f9-a3\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kb-btns104795_e782ca-dc{gap:var(--global-kb-gap-xs, 0.5rem );justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kt-btns104795_e782ca-dc .kt-button{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}.kt-btns104795_e782ca-dc .kt-btn-wrap-0{margin-right:5px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns104795_e782ca-dc .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button{color:#555555;border-color:#555555;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns104795_e782ca-dc .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns104795_e782ca-dc .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{color:#ffffff;border-color:#444444;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns104795_e782ca-dc .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button::before{display:none;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns104795_e782ca-dc .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns104795_e782ca-dc .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{background:#444444;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns104795_e782ca-dc\"><style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn104795_cf906f-54.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn104795_cf906f-54.kb-button{color:#ffffff;background:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(150,88,3) 0%,rgb(20,39,109) 100%) !important;border-top-left-radius:12px;border-top-right-radius:12px;border-bottom-right-radius:12px;border-bottom-left-radius:12px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn104795_cf906f-54.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn104795_cf906f-54.kb-button:focus{color:#ffffff;}.kb-btn104795_cf906f-54.kb-button::before{background:#7f7f7f;-webkit-transition:opacity .3s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:opacity .3s ease-in-out;transition:opacity .3s ease-in-out;}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn104795_cf906f-54 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-full kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/historia-univerzity\/pavol-jozef-safarik\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\"><strong>Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column104795_04dbfd-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column104795_04dbfd-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column104795_04dbfd-d8 > 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.kt-btn-wrap-0{margin-right:5px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns104795_881b7f-7b .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button{color:#555555;border-color:#555555;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns104795_881b7f-7b .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns104795_881b7f-7b .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{color:#ffffff;border-color:#444444;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns104795_881b7f-7b .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button::before{display:none;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns104795_881b7f-7b .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns104795_881b7f-7b .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{background:#444444;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns104795_881b7f-7b\"><style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn104795_a1b0ae-31.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn104795_a1b0ae-31.kb-button{color:#ffffff;background:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(150,88,3) 0%,rgb(22,64,130) 100%) !important;border-top-left-radius:12px;border-top-right-radius:12px;border-bottom-right-radius:12px;border-bottom-left-radius:12px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn104795_a1b0ae-31.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn104795_a1b0ae-31.kb-button:focus{color:#ffffff;}.kb-btn104795_a1b0ae-31.kb-button::before{background:#7f7f7f;-webkit-transition:opacity .3s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:opacity .3s ease-in-out;transition:opacity .3s ease-in-out;}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn104795_a1b0ae-31 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-full kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/historia-univerzity\/rektori-upjs\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\"><strong>Rectors of P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rik University<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id104795_4fe15d-04 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id104795_4fe15d-04 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id104795_4fe15d-04 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id104795_4fe15d-04{border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;overflow:clip;isolation:isolate;}.kb-row-layout-id104795_4fe15d-04 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;}.kb-row-layout-id104795_4fe15d-04{box-shadow:1px 1px 2px 2px #C19152;}.kb-row-layout-id104795_4fe15d-04{background-image:radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% 50%,rgb(255,255,255) 0%,rgba(250,242,222,0.93) 100%);}.kb-row-layout-id104795_4fe15d-04 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id104795_4fe15d-04 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id104795_4fe15d-04 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id104795_4fe15d-04 alignnone kt-row-has-bg wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column104795_430f74-db > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column104795_430f74-db > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column104795_430f74-db > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column104795_430f74-db > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column104795_430f74-db > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column104795_430f74-db > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column104795_430f74-db{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column104795_430f74-db > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column104795_430f74-db > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column104795_430f74-db\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p>The tradition of higher education in Ko\u0161ice goes back to<strong> the year<\/strong> <strong>1657<\/strong>, when the bishop Benedict Kishdy founded an Academy by the Memorandum of <strong>\u201cStudium Universale\u201d<\/strong> and presented it with 40 000 tallers (by way of a dot). The Academy or the University started up managed by the Jesus\u2019 Community Jesuits. The University of Ko\u0161ice Golden Bull issued on the 6th of August 1660 by the Roman emperor Leopold I. granted the University the same privileges as to all the other universities of the Habsburg Monarchy in Vienna, Prague, K\u00f6ln, Graz, Trnava, Olomouc e.g. The Bull included a provision of high significance stating the academic degrees to be recognized as they were granted at any of the oldest and most famous universities. The structure of the \u201cAcademia Cassoviensis\u201d was similar to that of other universities managed by Jesuits, determined by the Study Rules -\u201cRatio Studiorum\u201d. Rector, Vice-rector and Chancellor stood at the head of the University, Faculties were represented by Deans. Alongside the Philosophical and the Law Faculties, the Theological Faculty was the strongest. Study at the Philosophical Faculty was dedicated first of all to Philosophy, History and Languages, but the lectures included also natural sciences, e.g. Physics, Mathematics, Geography and Botany. The Ko\u0161ice University was well known for its excellent professors Martin Palkovi\u010d, Samuel Timon, \u0160tefan Kaprinai, Karol W\u00e1gner, Juraj Sklen\u00e1r, Michal Lip\u0161ic, distinguished for dissemination of the new Physics in the Monarchy, and others. Regular and extraordinary professors were giving lectures to the students of all the Hungary nationalities. The lectures were given in Latin. The University had its own library, church, printing station and it was also connected to other institutions, a high school, seminary and convict or to vassal villages and other estate administration, for instance.<br><br>The University was in possession of more villages in Spi\u0161 County, at Abov and Zempl\u00edn See; it owned also one of the Gemer county towns, Jel\u0161ava. The university significantly influenced the advancement of science, educational attainment and spiritual culture in the 17th and 18th century.<br>In 1773 the University felt out of conduct of Jesuits and became a public institution \u2013 Academia Regia. Following a provision of a government \u2013 Ratio Educationis\u2013 it lost its sovereignty and remained just a subsidiary of the only Hungarian University in Buda while keeping the right to grant a degree. In 1850 Academia Regia transformed into the Law Academy, which existed till the year 1921.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Founding the Dr. Milan Rastislav \u0160tef\u00e1nik Technical University made Ko\u0161ice a seat of university, again, though it was cancelled by the law in 1939.<br>After the Second World War, in successive steps, following universities were established: University of Agriculture and Horticulture, subsidiary of the Pedagogical Faculty of the Slovak University in 1947, in 1948 it was a subsidiary of the Medicine Faculty of Comenius University, University of Veterinary Medicine in 1949 and in 1952 Technical University.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By joining the subsidiary of the Medicine Faculty of Comenius University with the Philosophical Faculty accrued from the Philosophical Faculty of the Pedagogical College in Pre\u0161ov, Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice was established, which fastened on to the tradition of the historical Jesuitical Ko\u0161ice University.<br>In 1964 the Pedagogical Faculty with a seat in Pre\u0161ov was established and became a part of P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rik University, as well as the Faculty of Science in 1963 and the Faculty of Law in 1973. The number of faculties increased by the Orthodox Theologian Faculty and the Greek-catholic Theologian Faculty; on the 1st of January 1997 the P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rik University was divided into two independent Universities, P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice and University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov. So, the number of the faculties was reduced to 3, which were the Faculty of Medicine, the Faculty of Science and the Faculty of Law. From the year 1998 the University has also a Faculty of Public Administration and from the year 2007 Faculty of Arts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#824a02\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>Predecessors of P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rik University<\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1657<\/mark><\/strong> \u2013 beginning of university education in Ko\u0161ice \u2013 foundation of Academia Cassoviensis by Benedikt Kishdy \u2013 bishop of Eger ..<br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1660<\/mark><\/strong> \u2013 Golden Bull awarded by Leopold I, which gave the University and the city the same privileges as for instance, Cologne, Vienna, Graz and others.<br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1777<\/mark> <\/strong>\u2013 the bishop\u2019s Alma Mater&nbsp;<em>Universalis Episcopalis<\/em>&nbsp;was transformed to&nbsp;<em>Academia regia Cassoviensis<\/em>&nbsp;as two-year Law Faculty with philosophical orientation.<br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1921<\/mark><\/strong> \u2013 the University completed its existence for 38 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#824a02\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#824a02\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rik University in the years 1959 \u2013 2007<\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1959<\/mark><\/strong> \u2013 old University traditions were renewed by foundation of Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice which consisted of Faculty of Medicine in Ko\u0161ice Faculty of Philosophy in Pre\u0161ov (Faculty of Medicine existed since 1949 as a part of Comenius University in Bratislava).<br><strong>The new University has enlarged by new faculties:<\/strong><br><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>1963<\/strong> <\/mark>\u2013 Faculty of Science in Ko\u0161ice<br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1964<\/mark><\/strong> \u2013 Faculty of Education in Pre\u0161ov<br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1973<\/mark><\/strong> \u2013 Faculty of Law in Ko\u0161ice<br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1990<\/mark><\/strong> \u2013 two new faculties were established: Greek-Catholic Theologian Faculty in Pre\u0161ov and Orthodox Theologian Faculty in Pre\u0161ov.<br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1997<\/mark><\/strong> \u2013 after difficult discussions at the University and in the Parliament of the Slovak Republic the University split into two independent Universities: P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice and University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov.<strong><br><\/strong>P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice consisted of three faculties: <strong>Faculty of Medicine<\/strong>, <strong>Faculty of Science<\/strong> and <strong>Faculty of Law<\/strong>.<br><br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1998<\/mark> \u2013 <\/strong>a&nbsp;new <strong>Faculty of Public Administration<\/strong> was founded as a&nbsp;part of P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rik University.<br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1999-2006<\/mark><\/strong> \u2013 Faculty of Science opened an educational unit in the city of Ro\u017e\u0148ava, in the mine region near the birthplace of P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rik.<br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">2006<\/mark><\/strong> \u2013 a whole-university educational and research unit Institute of Education of Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice was founded with its seat in Ro\u017e\u0148ava.<br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#02275e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">2007<\/mark><\/strong> \u2013 a <strong>Faculty of Arts<\/strong> of Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice was founded.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The tradition of higher education in Ko\u0161ice goes back to the year 1657, when the bishop Benedict Kishdy founded an Academy by the Memorandum of \u201cStudium Universale\u201d and presented it with 40 000 tallers (by way of a dot). The Academy or the University started up managed by the Jesus\u2019 Community Jesuits. The University of &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/en\/historia-univerzity\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":88031,"parent":0,"menu_order":14,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104795","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"acf_link_na_externy_obsah":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>History of the University - UPJ\u0160 Ko\u0161ice<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/en\/historia-univerzity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"History of the University - UPJ\u0160 Ko\u0161ice\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The tradition of higher education in Ko\u0161ice goes back to the year 1657, when the bishop Benedict Kishdy founded an Academy by the Memorandum of \u201cStudium Universale\u201d and presented it with 40 000 tallers (by way of a dot). 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