{"id":29632,"date":"2019-06-19T12:19:37","date_gmt":"2019-06-19T12:19:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/lekarska-fakulta\/ustav\/root\/lekarska-fyziologia\/historia\/"},"modified":"2023-07-14T10:08:12","modified_gmt":"2023-07-14T09:08:12","slug":"historia","status":"publish","type":"cpt_ustav","link":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/lekarska-fakulta\/ustav\/lekarska-fyziologia\/historia\/","title":{"rendered":"Hist\u00f3ria \u00fastavu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em\">Prvoradou \u00falohou pracoviska bolo <strong>organiza\u010dne a obsahovo zabezpe\u010di\u0165 v\u00fdu\u010dbu Lek\u00e1rskej Fyziol\u00f3gie<\/strong> pre \u0161tudentov V\u0161eobecnej i Stomatologickej vetvy LF od roku 1949. Fyziol\u00f3gia ako discipl\u00edna o&nbsp;funkci\u00e1ch zdrav\u00e9ho \u013eudsk\u00e9ho organizmu, integruj\u00faci a zastre\u0161uj\u00faci predmety teoretick\u00fdch discipl\u00edn a b\u00e1za predklinick\u00fdch a v\u0161etk\u00fdch klinick\u00fdch predmetov mala v pedagogickom procese v\u017edy d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 postavenie. Z&nbsp;toho aspektu sa vyu\u010dovanie fyziol\u00f3gie od za\u010diatku orientovalo na komplexn\u00fd &#8211; holisticky pr\u00edstup k&nbsp;\u013eudsk\u00e9mu organizmu s re\u0161pektovan\u00edm dynamiky procesov v z\u00e1vislosti od \u0161irokej \u0161k\u00e1ly vn\u00fatorn\u00fdch a&nbsp;vonkaj\u0161\u00edch faktorov. Jednou z ciest dosahovania tohto cie\u013ea je met\u00f3da probl\u00e9movo orientovanej v\u00fdu\u010dby, ktor\u00e1 sa neust\u00e1le rozv\u00edjala, modernizovala a obsahovo obohacovala o najnov\u0161ie dom\u00e1ce a svetov\u00e9 poznatky. V&nbsp;s\u00falade s rozvojom didaktickej techniky obohatili sa predn\u00e1\u0161ky, praktick\u00e9 cvi\u010denia a semin\u00e1re zv\u00fd\u0161enou n\u00e1zornos\u0165ou a demon\u0161tr\u00e1ciami (v\u00fdu\u010dbov\u00e9 filmy, diapozit\u00edvy, magnetof\u00f3nov\u00e9 reprodukcie, bio-telemetrick\u00fd prenos experimentov a vy\u0161etren\u00ed). Obsah praktick\u00fdch cvi\u010den\u00ed, ktor\u00fd v zna\u010dnej miere vych\u00e1dzal z&nbsp;po\u017eiadaviek praktickej medic\u00edny na aplikovanie fyziologick\u00fdch poznatkov, na vyu\u017eitie pr\u00edstrojovej techniky, ako aj na manu\u00e1lnu laborat\u00f3rnu zru\u010dnos\u0165, bol obohaten\u00fd celou \u0161k\u00e1lou <strong>najmodernej\u0161\u00edch vy\u0161etrovac\u00edch met\u00f3d a experiment\u00e1lnych demon\u0161tr\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/strong> (RTG skiaskopia hrudn\u00edka pri r\u00f4znych d\u00fdchac\u00edch f\u00e1zach, angiografia, katetriz\u00e1cia srdca, meranie min\u00fatov\u00e9ho objemu srdca at\u010f.).&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em\">Ku kvalitat\u00edvnemu rozvoju modernej probl\u00e9movej v\u00fdu\u010dby v poslednej dobe prispieva alternat\u00edvny sp\u00f4sob v\u00fdu\u010dby. Cestou po\u010d\u00edta\u010dovej siete v praktik\u00e1r\u0148ach a vyu\u017eitia po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch programov <strong>maj\u00fa \u0161tudenti mo\u017enos\u0165 individu\u00e1lne, alebo v skupin\u00e1ch pracova\u0165 s konkr\u00e9tnymi po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdmi modelmi, zameran\u00fdmi na jednotliv\u00e9 syst\u00e9my organizmu<\/strong> a na procesy v nich prebiehaj\u00facich. Pri modelovan\u00ed fyziologick\u00e9ho procesu \u0161tudenti maj\u00fa mo\u017enos\u0165 akt\u00edvne vst\u00fapi\u0165 do regula\u010dn\u00fdch mechanizmov a&nbsp;vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 modelov\u00e9 situ\u00e1cie s krokovou anal\u00fdzou procesu a s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm vyhodnoten\u00edm. Na dosiahnut\u00ed pedagogick\u00fdch cie\u013eov nemalou mierou participovali <strong>u\u010debn\u00e9 texty: Praktick\u00e9 cvi\u010denia z fyziol\u00f3gie<\/strong>, dopl\u0148ovan\u00e9 po jednotliv\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch, resp. prepracovan\u00e9 v rokoch 1969, 1974, 1990, 2001, 2002, 2015.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em\">V r\u00e1mci prestavby vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fadia v \u0161kolskom roku 1977-1978 dostali \u0161tudenti LF UPJ\u0160 v&nbsp;Ko\u0161iciach prakticky <strong>prv\u00fa slovensk\u00fa u\u010debnicu fyziol\u00f3gie<\/strong>, nap\u00edsan\u00fa prv\u00fdm prednostom \u00dastavu:<strong> I. Ivan\u010do &#8222;Fyziol\u00f3gia pre posluch\u00e1\u010dov medic\u00edny&#8220;, I.-III. diel 1975<\/strong>. U\u010debnica obohatila \u0161tudentov o&nbsp;najnov\u0161ie poznatky v oblasti syst\u00e9movej a org\u00e1novej fyziol\u00f3gie, ale predov\u0161etk\u00fdm o hlb\u0161\u00ed poh\u013ead do bunkov\u00fdch, membr\u00e1nov\u00fdch a molekul\u00e1rnych mechanizmov fyziologick\u00fdch funkci\u00ed \u010dloveka. U\u010debnica spr\u00edstupnila z\u00e1kladn\u00fd a perspekt\u00edvny v\u00fdznam bio-kybernetiky, fyzik\u00e1lneho a matematick\u00e9ho modelovania fyziologick\u00fdch funkci\u00ed i vyu\u017eitia v\u00fdpo\u010dtovej techniky v oblasti fyziol\u00f3gie a medic\u00edny. Niektor\u00e9 kapitoly z&nbsp;u\u010debnice boli prevzat\u00e9 aj do celo\u0161t\u00e1tnej \u010deskej u\u010debnice: S. Trojan a autorsky kolekt\u00edv, Fyziol\u00f3gie &#8211; U\u010debnice pro l\u00e9karske fakulty v roku 1988 a jej slovenskej verzie v roku 1992. V r\u00e1mci pedagogickej \u010dinnosti pracovisko sa podie\u013ealo a podie\u013ea nielen na eduk\u00e1cii posluch\u00e1\u010dov lek\u00e1rskej fakulty, ale participovala <strong>aj na vyu\u010dovan\u00ed somatol\u00f3gie na Strednej zdravotn\u00edckej \u0161kole<\/strong> v Ko\u0161iciach, na vyu\u010dovan\u00ed posluch\u00e1\u010dov <strong>Psychol\u00f3gie Filozofickej fakulty UPJ\u0160<\/strong>, posledn\u00e9 roky aj u posluch\u00e1\u010dov <strong>Technickej Univerzity v Ko\u0161iciach<\/strong> (odbor zdravotn\u00edcka technika resp. biomedic\u00ednske in\u017einierstvo). Pedagogick\u00e1 aktivita na LF UPJ\u0160 sa<strong> v\u00fdrazne roz\u0161\u00edrila vyu\u010dovan\u00edm zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch \u0161tudentov v anglickom jazyku<\/strong> (od \u0161k. r. 1992-1993). Pre nich boli vydan\u00e9 aj u\u010debn\u00e9 texty: <strong>Practical lessons in Physiology<\/strong>, Part I. 1993, Part II. 1994, a ich prepracovan\u00e9 vydanie v roku 1998. B\u00fdval\u00ed pracovnici \u00dastavu: najm\u00e4 Prof. MUDr. I. Ivan\u010do, CSc., mim. Prof. \u0160. Kujanik, CSc. a Doc. MUDr. I. Bra\u010dokov\u00e1 maj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00e9 z\u00e1sluhy hlavne pri moderniz\u00e1cii v\u00fdu\u010dby fyziol\u00f3gie.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em\"><strong>Pedagogick\u00fa a vedecko-v\u00fdskumn\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165<\/strong> na pracovisku v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti realizuje <strong>10 u\u010dite\u013eov<\/strong> z&nbsp;toho <strong>2 profesori<\/strong>: Prof. MUDr. V. Doni\u010d, CSc. a Prof. MUDr. Z. Tomori, DrSc., <strong>4 docenti<\/strong>: Doc. MUDr. M. Pallayov\u00e1, PhD., Doc. RNDr. P. \u0160vorc, CSc., Doc. MVDr. A. Luka\u010dinova, PhD, a Doc. MVDr. A. Marossy, CSc. Ve\u013ek\u00fa pomoc pri v\u00fdskume a pedagogike poskytuje 12 \u010fal\u0161\u00edch pracovn\u00edkov, z toho <strong>4 odborn\u00e9 asistentky<\/strong>: MUDr. I. Ba\u010dov\u00e1, PhD., RNDr. S. Gre\u0161ov\u00e1, PhD., RNDr. K. Kassayov\u00e1, CSc., RNDr. J. \u0160timmelov\u00e1, ako aj Mgr. Z. Koll\u00e1rov\u00e1 a Ing. M. Kundr\u00edk, a<strong> 2 intern\u00e9 a\u0161pirantky<\/strong>: MUDr. A. Brandeburov\u00e1 a Mgr. R. Tok\u00e1rov\u00e1. Taktie\u017e <strong>ostatn\u00fd nepedagogick\u00fd person\u00e1l<\/strong> ako R. Medvecov\u00e1, Z. Dul\u00ednov\u00e1, M. Ha\u013eamov\u00e1, E. Jurkov\u00e1 nemalou mierou prispievaj\u00fa k dosiahnutiu pedagogicko-v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch cie\u013eov n\u00e1\u0161ho \u00fastavu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em\">Vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00ed u\u010ditelia si svoju odbornos\u0165 i pedagogick\u00fa aktivitu zvy\u0161ovali absolvovan\u00edm <strong>zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch \u0161tudijn\u00fdch ciest<\/strong>, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou na st\u00e1\u017ee: Prof. MUDr. V. Doni\u010d, CSc., a Prof. MUDr. Z. Tomori, DrSc., v Moskve 1962, v Oxforde 1967, v Hanoveri, USA 1973, v Sydney 1979 a v Baltimore, USA 2014. RNDr. So\u0148a Gre\u0161ov\u00e1, PhD. Palerme 2007 a na viacer\u00e9 predn\u00e1\u0161ky na kongresoch na 5 kontinentoch (Sydney, New York. Haifa, K\u00e1hira, \u0160anghaj, Cambridge, London, Var\u0161ava).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em\"><strong>Vedecko-v\u00fdskumn\u00e1 \u010dinnos\u0165 \u00fastavu je zameran\u00e1 na kardiorespira\u010dn\u00e9 vz\u0165ahy v&nbsp;experimente a v klinike<\/strong> aj vo svetle chrono-fyziol\u00f3gie a sp\u00e1nkovej medic\u00edny. Experiment\u00e1lna \u010das\u0165 je realizovan\u00e1 na pokusn\u00fdch zvierat\u00e1ch so zameran\u00edm na sledovanie vplyvu por\u00fach ventil\u00e1cie (hypoventil\u00e1cia, apnoe) na zmenu elektrickej stability srdca, zmenu tonusu vegetat\u00edvneho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a na vznik, v\u00fdvoj a preru\u0161enie srdcov\u00fdch arytmi\u00ed. Bezprostredn\u00fdm cie\u013eom je overi\u0165 a podpori\u0165 mo\u017en\u00fd kardio-protekt\u00edvny vplyv prekonditioningu, fenom\u00e9nu endog\u00e9nnej kardioprotekcie hypoventil\u00e1ciou i apnoea a<strong>&nbsp;reflexnej normaliz\u00e1cie r\u00f4znych funk\u010dn\u00fdch por\u00fach<\/strong>. Prof. MUDr. V. Doni\u010d, CSc,, a Prof. MUDr. Z. Tomori, DrSc., a mim. prof. R. Be\u0148a\u010dka CSc, s pomocou \u010fal\u0161\u00edch spolupracovn\u00edkov pop\u00edsali a analyzovali lapav\u00e9mu dychu podobn\u00fa siln\u00fa inspira\u010dn\u00fa reakciu, vyvolan\u00fa dr\u00e1\u017eden\u00edm nazofaryngu \u2013 tzv. <strong>Aspira\u010dn\u00fd reflex<\/strong>. Prof. J. Korp\u00e1\u0161, prof. M. Tat\u00e1r, prof. J. Han\u00e1\u010dek a prof. J. Jaku\u0161 z Martinskej LF objavili diametr\u00e1lne rozdielnu siln\u00fa expira\u010dn\u00fa reakciu dr\u00e1\u017eden\u00edm laryngu, tzv. <strong>Expira\u010dn\u00fd reflex<\/strong>. Tieto protichodn\u00e9 reflexy d\u00fdchac\u00edch ciest boli porovn\u00e1van\u00e9 s ka\u0161\u013eom, vyvol\u00e1van\u00fdm dr\u00e1\u017eden\u00edm doln\u00fdch d\u00fdchac\u00edch ciest, pova\u017eovan\u00fdm za \u201estr\u00e1\u017ecu p\u013e\u00fac\u201c. V\u00fdskum mo\u017enost\u00ed aplik\u00e1cie t\u00fdchto troch siln\u00fdch respira\u010dn\u00fdch reflexov sa systematicky sleduje viacer\u00fdmi pracovn\u00edkmi Ko\u0161ickej a Martinskej LF pre ich vyu\u017eitie v praxi u zvierat i \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em\">V klinickej \u010dasti v\u00fdskumu sa sledovali vplyvy psychickej a fyzickej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee, ako aj pobytu v r\u00f4znych nadmorsk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161kach a hypoxick\u00fdch stavoch na tonus vegetat\u00edvneho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a <strong>v\u00fdskyt srdcov\u00fdch arytmi\u00ed u zdrav\u00fdch jedincov a u pacientov so sp\u00e1nkov\u00fdmi poruchami d\u00fdchania, resp. s respira\u010dnou insuficienciou v cirkadi\u00e1lnej z\u00e1vislosti<\/strong>. Zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 sa sleduje v\u00fdznam reflexov d\u00fdchac\u00edch ciest pri vzniku, diagnostike, lie\u010dbe a prevencii kardiorespira\u010dn\u00fdch por\u00fach (hypertenzie, kolapsov\u00fdch stavov a r\u00f4znych foriem kardio-respira\u010dn\u00e9ho zlyhania).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em\">Pracovn\u00edci \u00fastavu (s celkov\u00fdm po\u010dtom 18 \u010dlenov v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti) sa systematicky zaoberaj\u00fa <strong>moderniz\u00e1ciou v\u00fdu\u010dby a intenz\u00edvnym v\u00fdskumom najm\u00e4 kardiorespira\u010dn\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov, sp\u00e1nkovou medic\u00ednou ako aj chrono-fyziologickou problematikou<\/strong>. V\u00fdstupy z t\u00fdchto aktiv\u00edt boli zverejnen\u00e9 v 6 monografi\u00e1ch a vo vy\u0161e 2500 \u010dl\u00e1nkov s cita\u010dn\u00fdm ohlasom spolu asi 3000 do roku 2015 vr\u00e1tane. Pracovn\u00edci \u00fastavu podali n\u00e1vrh na <strong>roz\u0161\u00edrenie v\u00fdu\u010dby sp\u00e1nkovej medic\u00edny z povinne volite\u013en\u00e9ho predmetu na povinn\u00fd, interdisciplin\u00e1rny predmet Sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 medic\u00edna<\/strong> pre \u0161tudentov klinick\u00fdch ro\u010dn\u00edkov i pracovn\u00edkov v r\u00e1mci novo podan\u00e9ho projektu KEGA 2015. Povinn\u00e1 v\u00fdu\u010dba sp\u00e1nkovej medic\u00edny <strong>m\u00e1 umo\u017eni\u0165 zlep\u0161enie diagnostiky a lie\u010dby sp\u00e1nkov\u00fdch por\u00fach d\u00fdchania a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9ho upotrebovania r\u00f4znych \u017eivotn\u00fdch funkci\u00ed starn\u00faceho obyvate\u013estva v celosvetovom mer\u00edtku<\/strong>. M\u00e1 umo\u017eni\u0165 aj zlep\u0161enie diagnostiky a prevencie por\u00fach <strong>s perspekt\u00edvou dom\u00e1cej lie\u010dby s riaden\u00edm zo vzdialen\u00e9ho diagnosticko-terapeutick\u00e9ho kontroln\u00e9ho centra<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em\"><strong>Prof. MUDr. V. Doni\u010d, CSc. <\/strong>je prednosta \u00fastavu Lek\u00e1rskej fyziol\u00f3gie, prodekan pre vedu a v\u00fdskum LF UPJ\u0160 a<strong> garant predmetu: Norm\u00e1lna a patologick\u00e1 fyziol\u00f3gia pre doktorandsk\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadium a pre habilita\u010dn\u00e9 a inaugura\u010dn\u00e9 pokra\u010dovanie<\/strong>. Prof. MUDr. Z. Tomori, DrSc, Doc. MUDr. M. Pallayov\u00e1, PhD. a Doc. RNDr. P. \u0160vorc, CSc., s\u00fa \u010dlenmi komisie pre obhajoby PhD. S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00ed intern\u00ed a\u0161piranti s\u00fa MUDr. A. Brandeburov\u00e1 a Mgr. D. Tok\u00e1rov\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em\"><strong>Pracovn\u00edci \u00fastavu sa zapojili do rie\u0161enia viacer\u00fdch vedeckov\u00fdskumn\u00fdch \u00faloh<\/strong> ako TEMPUS Project, VEGA, APVV, COST Action B 26, a v r\u00e1mci centier excelentnosti 2 projekty financovan\u00e9 zo \u0161truktur\u00e1lnych fondov EU: CEEPM a CEMIO, ktor\u00e9 sa zaoberaj\u00fa biomagnetizmom a Sledovan\u00edm stavu marginalizovan\u00e9ho obyvate\u013estva. Viacer\u00ed pracovn\u00edci \u00fastavu vykon\u00e1vali <strong>r\u00f4zne funkcie v riadiacich org\u00e1noch odborn\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed celoslovensk\u00e9ho, resp. medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu<\/strong>. Profesori V. Doni\u010d, Z. Tomori a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch 5 z\u00e1stupcov z Bratislavskej a Martinskej LF po 2 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov\u00fdch \u0161tudijn\u00fdch pobytoch v Antverp\u00e1ch, Dubline a \u0160trasburgu v r\u00e1mci projektu TEMPUS prispeli <strong>k zalo\u017eeniu Sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9ho laborat\u00f3ria v Ko\u0161iciach v 1993, a potom v Bratislave a v Martine<\/strong>. Vydali aj <strong>u\u010debnicu Sp\u00e1nkovej medic\u00edny \u201eTomori Z, Redhammer R, Doni\u010d V. a spol.: Z\u00e1klady sp\u00e1nkovej medic\u00edny. VLA Ko\u0161ice 1999, 359s<\/strong>. Usporiadali aj 2 kongresy v Ko\u0161iciach na propag\u00e1ciu Sp\u00e1nkovej medic\u00edny pre Stredo- a&nbsp;V\u00fdchodo-eur\u00f3pske krajiny v roku 2002 a 2005. Prispeli aj <strong>k zalo\u017eeniu Slovenskej Spolo\u010dnosti Sp\u00e1nkovej medic\u00edny v r. 2013<\/strong> s v\u00fd\u0161e 60 \u010dlenmi, pracuj\u00facimi z \u010dasti v 17 registrovan\u00fdch Sp\u00e1nkov\u00fdch laborat\u00f3ri\u00e1ch na Slovensku.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":29628,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"tax_aktuality":[],"acf":{"acf_link_na_externy_obsah":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Hist\u00f3ria \u00fastavu - Lek\u00e1rska fakulta | UPJ\u0160<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/lekarska-fakulta\/ustav\/lekarska-fyziologia\/historia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hist\u00f3ria \u00fastavu - Lek\u00e1rska fakulta | UPJ\u0160\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Prvoradou \u00falohou pracoviska bolo organiza\u010dne a obsahovo zabezpe\u010di\u0165 v\u00fdu\u010dbu Lek\u00e1rskej Fyziol\u00f3gie pre \u0161tudentov V\u0161eobecnej i Stomatologickej vetvy LF od roku 1949. Fyziol\u00f3gia ako discipl\u00edna o&nbsp;funkci\u00e1ch zdrav\u00e9ho \u013eudsk\u00e9ho organizmu, integruj\u00faci a zastre\u0161uj\u00faci predmety teoretick\u00fdch discipl\u00edn a b\u00e1za predklinick\u00fdch a v\u0161etk\u00fdch klinick\u00fdch predmetov mala v pedagogickom procese v\u017edy d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 postavenie. 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