{"id":20351,"date":"2022-01-31T13:15:29","date_gmt":"2022-01-31T13:15:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/pracoviska\/ubev\/historia\/"},"modified":"2023-05-19T21:59:46","modified_gmt":"2023-05-19T20:59:46","slug":"o-ustave","status":"publish","type":"cpt_pracoviska","link":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/pracoviska\/ustavy-pf\/ubev\/o-ustave\/","title":{"rendered":"O \u00fastave"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover is-light is-style-editorskit-rounded\" style=\"min-height:130px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-10 has-background-dim\"><\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-56123\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/05\/o-ubev-2.jpg\" style=\"object-position:43% 34%\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" data-object-position=\"43% 34%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/05\/o-ubev-2.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/05\/o-ubev-2-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column_b73a57-41 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);}.kadence-column_b73a57-41 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column_b73a57-41 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:5px;border-top-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-left-radius:5px;}.kadence-column_b73a57-41 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column_b73a57-41 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column_b73a57-41 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column_b73a57-41 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:#F4F4F4;}.kadence-column_b73a57-41 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column_b73a57-41{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column_b73a57-41 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column_b73a57-41 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column_b73a57-41\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h4 class=\"has-prirodovedecka-f-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\"><strong>Hist\u00f3ria<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Za\u010diatky biologick\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu a vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania v Ko\u0161iciach sa sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa s in\u0161tit\u00faciami, ak\u00fdmi boli e\u0161te pred zalo\u017een\u00edm Univerzity Pavla Jozefa \u0160af\u00e1rika Vysok\u00e1 \u0161kola po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskeho a lesn\u00edckeho in\u017einierstva (1946), Lek\u00e1rska fakulta (1948), Botanick\u00e1 z\u00e1hrada (1950) a pracovisk\u00e1 Slovenskej akad\u00e9mie vied (1953). V polovici p\u00e4\u0165desiatych rokov minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia pri\u0161li do Ko\u0161\u00edc viacer\u00ed absolventi Univerzity Komensk\u00e9ho v Bratislave a Karlovej univerzity v Prahe. Jedn\u00fdm z prv\u00fdch bol absolvent Pr\u00edrodovedeckej fakulty Univerzity Komensk\u00e9ho Robert Hon\u010dariv (1931\u2013 2021), ktor\u00fd tr\u00e1vil \u010das\u0165 svojho \u0161t\u00fadia v Prahe na Karlovej univerzite. Spolu s n\u00edm pri\u0161lo do Ko\u0161\u00edc aj nieko\u013eko absolventov Karlovej Univerzity v Prahe, ktor\u00ed sa v Botanickej z\u00e1hrade SAV (teraz UPJ\u0160) venovali jednak v\u00fdskumu rias, a jednak participovali na v\u00fdskume \u00fa\u010dinkov ionizuj\u00faceho \u017eiarenia a jeho vyu\u017eitia v \u0161\u013eachten\u00ed rastl\u00edn. Pribli\u017ene v tom istom \u010dase, v roku 1957, pri\u0161iel do Ko\u0161\u00edc z Biofyzik\u00e1lneho \u00fastavu \u010cSAV v Brne Milan Prasli\u010dka (1923 \u2013 1985), ktor\u00fd bol presved\u010den\u00fd o nutnosti a potrebe zalo\u017eenia r\u00e1diobiologick\u00e9ho pracoviska. S\u00fahra okolnost\u00ed a odborn\u00edkov prispela k tomu, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve v Ko\u0161iciach bolo ako prv\u00e9 v \u010ceskoslovensku vybudovan\u00e9 pracovisko so zdrojmi \u017eiarenia (chronick\u00fd \u017eiari\u010d v Botanickej z\u00e1hrade SAV a \u010doskoro aj otvoren\u00e9 o\u017earovacie zariadenie v bl\u00edzkosti letiska \u2013 tzv. gama pole) pre v\u00fdskum biologick\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov chronick\u00e9ho \u017eiarenia na rastliny a \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchy. V \u0161ir\u0161om medzin\u00e1rodnom kontexte m\u00f4\u017eeme h\u013eada\u0165 korene tohto zamerania vo vedeckej \u0161kole Thomasa Hunta Morgana (1866 \u2013 1945), a zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 jeho doktoranda Hermanna Josepha Mullera (1890 \u2013 1967), ktor\u00fd sa v\u00fdznamne zasl\u00fa\u017eil o rozvoj poznania vyu\u017eit\u00edm r\u00e1dioakt\u00edvneho \u017eiarenia na indukciu mut\u00e1ci\u00ed v \u017eiv\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch, za \u010do mu rok po Morganovej smrti bola udelen\u00e1 Nobelova cena. Tieto poznatky v tom \u010dase priniesol z laborat\u00f3ria Kolumbijskej univerzity st\u00e1\u017eista, \u010desk\u00fd pr\u00edrodo vedec a matematik Artur Bro\u017eekdo Prahy, \u010falej sa rozv\u00edjali prostredn\u00edctvom genetika Karla Hrub\u00e9ho (1910 &#8211; 1962) a ovplyvnili mlad\u00fdchabsolventov, ktor\u00ed sa rozhodli za\u010da\u0165 svoju profesion\u00e1lnu kari\u00e9ru v Ko\u0161iciach.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-block-show-more-container_ccf787-65 > .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn{margin-top:1em;}.kb-block-show-more-container_ccf787-65 > .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kt-btn-wrap:nth-child(2), .kb-block-show-more-container_ccf787-65 > .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .wp-block-kadence-singlebtn:nth-of-type(2){display:none;}.kb-block-show-more-container_ccf787-65 > .wp-block-kadence-column{max-height:0px;overflow-y:hidden;}.kb-block-show-more-container_ccf787-65.kb-smc-open > .wp-block-kadence-column{max-height:none;-webkit-mask-image:none;mask-image:none;}.kb-block-show-more-container_ccf787-65.kb-smc-open > .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kt-btn-wrap:nth-child(1), .kb-block-show-more-container_ccf787-65.kb-smc-open > .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .wp-block-kadence-singlebtn:nth-of-type(1){display:none;}.kb-block-show-more-container_ccf787-65.kb-smc-open > .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kt-btn-wrap:nth-child(2), .kb-block-show-more-container_ccf787-65.kb-smc-open > .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .wp-block-kadence-singlebtn:nth-of-type(2){display:inline-flex;}.kb-block-show-more-container_ccf787-65.kb-smc-open > .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-force-btn-fullwidth .kt-btn-wrap:nth-child(2){display:block;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-show-more kb-block-show-more-container kb-block-show-more-container_ccf787-65\"><style>.kadence-column_0b73eb-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.kadence-column_0b73eb-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column_0b73eb-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column_0b73eb-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column_0b73eb-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column_0b73eb-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column_0b73eb-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column_0b73eb-58{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column_0b73eb-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column_0b73eb-58 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column_0b73eb-58 kb-show-more-content\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p>Po vzniku Pr\u00edrodovedeckej fakulty UPJ\u0160 v roku 1963 zabezpe\u010dovali v\u00fdu\u010dbu biol\u00f3gie na pr\u00edrodovedeckej fakulte pracovn\u00edci Katedry biol\u00f3gie Lek\u00e1rskej fakulty UPJ\u0160 a pracovn\u00edci R\u00e1diobiologick\u00e9ho oddelenia \u00dastavu experiment\u00e1lnej biol\u00f3gie SAV v Ko\u0161iciach, ale e\u0161te v tom istom roku sa Katedra biol\u00f3gie stala s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou pr\u00edrodovedeckej fakulty. Pod veden\u00edm doc. MUDr. Milana Prasli\u010dku, CSc., ktor\u00fd bol \u017eiakom brnensk\u00e9ho priekopn\u00edka biofyziky a zakladate\u013ea r\u00e1diobiol\u00f3gie v \u010ceskoslovensku, profesora Ferdinanda Her\u010d\u00edka, bolo vybudovan\u00e9 zariadenie s in\u0161talovan\u00fdm zdrojom kontinu\u00e1lneho gama \u017eiarenia, \u010d\u00edm boli vytvoren\u00e9 podmienky pre v\u00fdskum \u00fa\u010dinkov chronick\u00e9ho \u017eiarenia na \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchy a rastliny. Prv\u00ed absolventi jednoodborov\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fadia biol\u00f3gie i u\u010dite\u013eskej aprob\u00e1cie biol\u00f3giach\u00e9mia opustili br\u00e1ny univerzity v roku 1967. Katedra biol\u00f3gie sa postupne rozrastala, roz\u0161iroval sa po\u010det pracovn\u00edkov, predn\u00e1\u0161an\u00fdch discipl\u00edn aj \u0161\u00edrka v\u00fdskumn\u00e9ho z\u00e1beru, \u010do viedlo v roku 1968 k rozdeleniu Katedry biol\u00f3gie na Katedru v\u0161eobecnej biol\u00f3gie veden\u00fa prof. MUDr. Milanom Prasli\u010dkom, DrSc. v are\u00e1li na \u0160rob\u00e1rovej ulici a Katedru botaniky a genetiky veden\u00fa doc. RNDr. Robertom Hon\u010darivom, CSc., ktor\u00e1 sa u\u017e o rok nesk\u00f4r, v roku 1969 rozdelila na Katedru botaniky veden\u00fa doc. Dr. Jozefom R\u00e1czom a Katedru genetiky pod veden\u00edm doc. RNDr. Roberta Hon\u010dariva, CSc. a k pribudla k nim aj Katedra ekologickej a systematickej zool\u00f3gie, na \u010dele ktorej bol doc. RNDr. Ivan Zmoray, DrSc. Tieto katedry s\u00eddlili v budove Botanickej z\u00e1hrady UPJ\u0160 na M\u00e1nesovej ulici. Existencia t\u00fdchto troch katedier trvala len nieko\u013eko rokov. V roku 1972 sa zl\u00fa\u010dili do jednej s n\u00e1zvom Katedra \u0161peci\u00e1lnej biol\u00f3gie a viedol ju doc. RNDr. Robert Hon\u010dariv, CSc. Biologick\u00fd v\u00fdskum na dvoch katedr\u00e1ch, Katedre v\u0161eobecnej biol\u00f3gie a Katedre \u0161peci\u00e1lnej biol\u00f3gie sa postupne orientoval viacer\u00fdmi smermi. Okrem r\u00e1diobiologickej problematiky sa rozv\u00edjala oblas\u0165 kozmickej biol\u00f3gie v r\u00e1mci medzin\u00e1rodnej spolupr\u00e1ce Interkozmos. Bol \u0161tudovan\u00fd vplyv mikrogravit\u00e1cie a ostatn\u00fdch faktorov kozmick\u00e9ho letu na vybran\u00e9 parametre metabolizmu lipidov a nukleov\u00fdch kysel\u00edn u dospel\u00fdch a vyv\u00edjaj\u00facich sa organizmov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nesk\u00f4r pribudlo chronofyziologick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadium biologick\u00fdch rytmov vybran\u00fdch metabolick\u00fdch parametrov a horm\u00f3nov u potkanov. V oblasti popula\u010dnej genetiky bol realizovan\u00fd v\u00fdskum s\u00e9roantropologick\u00fdch znakov r\u00f3mskeho etnika na v\u00fdchodnom Slovensku. Zoologick\u00fd v\u00fdskum bol orientovan\u00fd predov\u0161etk\u00fdm na druhov\u00fa diverzitu batrachofauny a malakofauny. Pracovn\u00edci v botanickom v\u00fdskume pokra\u010dovali v \u0161t\u00fadiu cytogenetick\u00fdch zmien rastl\u00edn indukovan\u00fdch chronick\u00fdm o\u017earovan\u00edm gama l\u00fa\u010dmi a nesk\u00f4r sa za\u010dal rozv\u00edja\u0165 v\u00fdskum lie\u010div\u00fdch rastl\u00edn a pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok orientovan\u00fd predov\u0161etk\u00fdm na \u0161t\u00fadium obsahu \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok a \u0161\u013eachtenie nov\u00fdch odr\u00f4d lie\u010div\u00fdch rastl\u00edn. Za\u010diatkom osemdesiatych rokov sa za\u010dal budova\u0165 nov\u00fd smer rastlinn\u00fdch biotechnol\u00f3gi\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po smrti akademika Prasli\u010dku v roku 1985 prevzala vedenie Katedry v\u0161eobecnej biol\u00f3gie doc.RNDr. Eva Mi\u0161\u00farov\u00e1, CSc. Koncom osemdesiatych rokov minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia, podobne ako v rokoch 1968-69, ovplyvnili spolo\u010densk\u00e9 zmeny aj \u017eivot na biologick\u00fdch pracovisk\u00e1ch a op\u00e4\u0165 podnietili snahy o zmenu \u0161trukt\u00fary. Z\u00e1sadne to ovplyvnilo Katedru v\u0161eobecnej biol\u00f3gie, ktor\u00e1 sa rozdelila na tri &#8211; Katedru bunkovej a molekul\u00e1rnej biol\u00f3gie pod veden\u00edm docentky Mi\u0161\u00farovej, Katedru antropol\u00f3gie a zool\u00f3gie pod veden\u00edm docenta Bernasovsk\u00e9ho (od roku 1999 Katedra zool\u00f3gie a ekol\u00f3gie pod veden\u00edm docenta Hudeca) a Katedru fyziol\u00f3gie \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov a \u010dloveka pod veden\u00edm profesora Ahlersa, zatia\u013e \u010do Katedra \u0161peci\u00e1lnej biol\u00f3gie sa len premenovala na Katedru experiment\u00e1lnej botaniky a genetiky a v prv\u00fdch rokoch ju viedol RNDr. Peter \u010cernaj, CSc. Po jeho pred\u010dasnom odchode v roku 1994 sa stala ved\u00facou katedry Ing. Anna Mackov\u00e1, CSc. a od roku 1998 viedla katedru docentka \u010cell\u00e1rov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V priebehu dev\u00e4\u0165desiatych rokov nastal postupn\u00fd odklon v\u00fdskumu od tradi\u010dnej r\u00e1diobiologickej orient\u00e1cie. Preva\u017en\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch projektov sa zaoberala \u0161t\u00fadiom pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch zdrojov lie\u010div s protin\u00e1dorovou aktivitou a \u0161t\u00fadiom karcinogen\u00e9zy a experiment\u00e1lnej prevencie a lie\u010dby n\u00e1dorov. Zoologick\u00fd v\u00fdskum sa zameral na \u0161t\u00fadium p\u00f4dneho, terestrick\u00e9ho a vodn\u00e9ho prostredia vo vz\u0165ahu k niektor\u00fdm jeho abiotick\u00fdm faktorom. Aplikovan\u00fd v\u00fdskum lie\u010div\u00fdch rastl\u00edn sa v tomto obdob\u00ed orientoval na zabezpe\u010denie surovinovej z\u00e1kladne pre dom\u00e1ce a niektor\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 farmaceutick\u00e9 podniky (introdukcia nov\u00fdch druhov do pestovania, novo\u0161\u013eachtenie a udr\u017eiavacie \u0161\u013eachtenie, \u00fa\u010das\u0165 vo v\u00fdskume spracovate\u013esk\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed). V\u00fdskum v botanike sa venoval najm\u00e4 taxonomick\u00e9mu \u0161t\u00fadiu rodov Thymus a Hypericum, ich reproduk\u010dn\u00fdch sp\u00f4sobov a chemotaxon\u00f3mii, ale aj \u010fal\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mom cievnat\u00fdch rastl\u00edn (\u00fa\u010das\u0165 na spracovan\u00ed Fl\u00f3ry Slovenska). Z\u00e1kladn\u00fd v\u00fdskum vo fyziol\u00f3gii rastl\u00edn sa zameriaval na \u0161t\u00fadium sekund\u00e1rneho metabolizmu lie\u010div\u00fdch rastl\u00edn. Ekofyziol\u00f3gia bola zast\u00fapen\u00e1 v\u00fdskumom vplyvu toxick\u00fdch kovov na metabolizmus rastl\u00edn a li\u0161ajn\u00edkov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Potreba zefekt\u00edvnenia vzdel\u00e1vacieho procesu a lep\u0161ej koordin\u00e1cie vedeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu viedli v roku 2002 k vytvoreniu novej organiza\u010dnej \u0161trukt\u00fary fakulty, ktorej s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou bola integr\u00e1cia biologick\u00fdch pracov\u00edsk do \u00dastavu biologick\u00fdch a ekologick\u00fdch vied. Jeho vn\u00fatorn\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru tvoria akademick\u00e9 pracovisk\u00e1 \u00fastavu: Katedra botaniky, Katedra bunkovej biol\u00f3gie, Katedra fyziol\u00f3gie \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov, Katedra genetiky, Katedra zool\u00f3gie, Oddelenie didaktiky biol\u00f3gie a Laborat\u00f3rium molekul\u00e1rno-biologickej diagnostiky. Koncepcia v\u00fdskumu kl\u00e1dla na prelome tis\u00edcro\u010d\u00ed d\u00f4raz na rozvoj dvoch z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch smerov \u2013 biomedic\u00ednskeho, reprezentovan\u00e9ho t\u00edmami katedier bunkovej biol\u00f3gie, genetiky a \u010dasti Katedry fyziol\u00f3gie \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov a ekologick\u00e9ho reprezentovan\u00e9ho najm\u00e4 katedrami zool\u00f3gie a botaniky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Najmlad\u0161ou z katedier \u00dastavu biologick\u00fdch a ekologick\u00fdch vied PF UPJ\u0160 v Ko\u0161iciach je Katedra mikrobiol\u00f3gie, ktor\u00e1 vznikla v roku 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column_8c6bd4-8e > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column_8c6bd4-8e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column_8c6bd4-8e > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column_8c6bd4-8e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column_8c6bd4-8e 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