{"id":82949,"date":"2025-11-14T19:04:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-14T18:04:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/zaostrene-na-nobelove-ceny\/zaostrene-na-nobelove-ceny-2024-2\/"},"modified":"2025-11-24T14:41:04","modified_gmt":"2025-11-24T13:41:04","slug":"zaostrene-na-nobelove-ceny-2025","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/zaostrene-na-nobelove-ceny\/zaostrene-na-nobelove-ceny-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"ZAOSTREN\u00c9 na Nobelove ceny 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.kb-image82949_d0034b-2e .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;border-top-left-radius:5px;border-top-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-left-radius:5px;}.kb-image82949_d0034b-2e img.kb-img, .kb-image82949_d0034b-2e .kb-img img{border-top-left-radius:5px;border-top-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-left-radius:5px;}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image82949_d0034b-2e size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1170\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/11\/banner-il-Nobelove-Ceny-archiv.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-63104\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/11\/banner-il-Nobelove-Ceny-archiv.png 1170w, https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/11\/banner-il-Nobelove-Ceny-archiv-300x51.png 300w, https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/11\/banner-il-Nobelove-Ceny-archiv-1024x175.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/11\/banner-il-Nobelove-Ceny-archiv-768x131.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1170px) 100vw, 1170px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);}.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:5px;border-top-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-left-radius:5px;}.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:#F4F4F4;}.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column82949_8734fe-1f\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Vedenie fakulty poz\u00fdva \u0161tudentov, u\u010dite\u013eov ale aj absolventov a&nbsp;\u0161irok\u00fa verejnos\u0165 na <strong>stretnutie<\/strong> <strong>s&nbsp;vedcami Pr\u00edrodovedeckej fakulty UPJ\u0160 v Ko\u0161iciach,<\/strong> ktor\u00ed formou predn\u00e1\u0161ok pribl\u00ed\u017eia problematiku v\u00fdskumu, za ktor\u00fd boli udelen\u00e9 Nobelove ceny 2025 v&nbsp;kateg\u00f3ri\u00e1ch <strong><em>Fyzika, Ch\u00e9mia, Fyziol\u00f3gia\/Medic\u00edna.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>11. december 2025, 9.00 h \u2013 \u017eiaci a&nbsp;u\u010ditelia S\u0160<\/strong> <br>\u0160rob\u00e1rova 2, aula prof. Prasli\u010dku \/<strong>RB0A5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>10. december 2025, 16.30 h \u2013 verejnos\u0165<\/strong><br>Historick\u00e1 aula UPJ\u0160, \u0160rob\u00e1rova 2, Ko\u0161ice<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-prirodovedecka-f-color has-text-color\"><strong>Nobelova cena za ch\u00e9miu v roku 2025<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column82949_cf34d0-e7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);}.kadence-column82949_cf34d0-e7 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column82949_cf34d0-e7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:5px;border-top-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-left-radius:5px;}.kadence-column82949_cf34d0-e7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column82949_cf34d0-e7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column82949_cf34d0-e7 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column82949_cf34d0-e7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:#F4F4F4;}.kadence-column82949_cf34d0-e7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column82949_cf34d0-e7{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column82949_cf34d0-e7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column82949_cf34d0-e7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column82949_cf34d0-e7\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p><strong><strong>MOF nano-\u0161pongie: materi\u00e1ly s rekordn\u00fdm povrchom a ich revolu\u010dn\u00e9 vyu\u017eitie<\/strong><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Predn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00faci: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/PF\/zamestnanec\/vladimir.zelenak\/\"><strong>prof. RNDr. Vladim\u00edr Zele\u0148\u00e1k, DrSc<\/strong>.<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/pracoviska\/ustavy-pf\/uchv\/\">\u00dastav chemick\u00fdch vied<\/a> PF UPJ\u0160 v&nbsp;Ko\u0161iciach<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Anot\u00e1cia: Nobelovu cenu za ch\u00e9miu v roku 2025<\/strong> z\u00edskali vedci <strong>Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson<\/strong> a <strong>Omar Yaghi<\/strong> za svoj v\u00fdskum kovovo-organick\u00fdch siet\u00ed tzv. <strong>metal-organic frameworks (MOF)<\/strong>. MOF predstavuj\u00fa triedu p\u00f3rovit\u00fdch, zvy\u010dajne kry\u0161talick\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov, skladaj\u00facich sa z&nbsp;i\u00f3nov kovov (pr\u00edpadne ich klastrov) navz\u00e1jom prepojen\u00fdch organick\u00fdmi molekulami alebo i\u00f3nmi. Zmenou ve\u013ekosti a&nbsp;zlo\u017eenia molek\u00fal a&nbsp;i\u00f3nov kovov mo\u017eno pripravi\u0165 MOF r\u00f4znej \u0161trukt\u00fary a&nbsp;cielene ladi\u0165 ich vlastnosti. Niekedy sa MOF prirovn\u00e1vaj\u00fa k Legu\u00ae, nako\u013eko kombin\u00e1ciou jednoduch\u00fdch stavebn\u00fdch blokov mo\u017eno vytvori\u0165 zlo\u017eit\u00e9, sofistikovan\u00e9 a&nbsp;funk\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary. Tieto \u0161trukt\u00fary maj\u00fa obrovsk\u00fd povrch (nieko\u013eko tis\u00edc m<sup>2<\/sup>\/g), nastavite\u013en\u00fa ve\u013ekos\u0165 p\u00f3rov a chemick\u00fa stabilitu, v\u010faka \u010domu s\u00fa v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00e9 pre aplik\u00e1cie ako skladovanie plynov, separ\u00e1cia, katal\u00fdza, dod\u00e1vanie liekov a&nbsp;mnoh\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie. V&nbsp;predn\u00e1\u0161ke bude predstaven\u00e1 stru\u010dn\u00e1 hist\u00f3ria MOF, najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ie typy tejto triedy materi\u00e1lov a&nbsp;spomenut\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie. Predn\u00e1\u0161ka v\u0161ak bude doplnen\u00e1 aj o&nbsp;v\u00fdsledky vlastn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu, ktor\u00fd realizujeme v&nbsp;r\u00e1mci MOF na PF UPJ\u0160. V&nbsp;na\u0161ej v\u00fdskumnej skupine sme sa na v\u00fdskum, za ktor\u00fd bola udelen\u00e1 Nobelov\u00e1 cena, nepozerali len zboku, ale do fascinuj\u00faceho pr\u00edbehu MOF boli zapojen\u00ed akt\u00edvne od po\u010diatku.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:33px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-prirodovedecka-f-color has-text-color\"><strong>Nobelova cena za fyziol\u00f3giu\/medic\u00ednu 20<\/strong>25<\/h4>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column82949_7d655e-33 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);}.kadence-column82949_7d655e-33 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column82949_7d655e-33 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:5px;border-top-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-left-radius:5px;}.kadence-column82949_7d655e-33 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column82949_7d655e-33 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column82949_7d655e-33 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column82949_7d655e-33 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:#F4F4F4;}.kadence-column82949_7d655e-33 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column82949_7d655e-33{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column82949_7d655e-33 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column82949_7d655e-33 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column82949_7d655e-33\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p><strong><br><br><strong>Ako imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m vie, kde s\u00fa jeho hranice \u2013 ke\u010f aj n\u00e1\u0161 kontroln\u00fd syst\u00e9m potrebuje kontrol\u00f3ra<\/strong><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Predn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00faci: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/PF\/zamestnanec\/vlasta.demeckova\/\"><strong>RNDr.<\/strong> <strong>Vlasta Deme\u010dkov\u00e1, PhD. univer. docent<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/pracoviska\/ustavy-pf\/ubev\/\">\u00dastav biologick\u00fdch a&nbsp;ekologick\u00fdch vied<\/a> PF UPJ\u0160 v&nbsp;Ko\u0161iciach<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Anot\u00e1cia: <\/strong>Nobelovu cenu za fyziol\u00f3giu alebo medic\u00ednu v roku 2025 z\u00edskali Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell a Shimon Sakaguchi za prelomov\u00e9 objavy regula\u010dn\u00fdch T buniek (Tregs) a g\u00e9nu FOXP3, ktor\u00e9 z\u00e1sadne zmenili na\u0161e ch\u00e1panie regul\u00e1cie imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a otvorili nov\u00e9 terapeutick\u00e9 mo\u017enosti v lie\u010dbe autoimunitn\u00fdch a z\u00e1palov\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed, ako aj v oblasti transplanta\u010dnej medic\u00edny a imunoterapie rakoviny. Objav regula\u010dn\u00fdch T buniek \u2013 ak\u00fdchsi \u201eimunitn\u00fdch b\u0155zd\u201c \u2013 odhalil, ako n\u00e1\u0161 organizmus udr\u017eiava krehk\u00fa rovnov\u00e1hu medzi obranou pred patog\u00e9nmi a ochranou vlastn\u00fdch tkan\u00edv. Modern\u00e9 terapie in\u0161pirovan\u00e9 v\u00fdskumom Treg buniek sa dnes sna\u017eia \u201epreprogramova\u0165\u201c imunitu \u2013 posilni\u0165 jej obranu, ke\u010f zlyh\u00e1va, a stlmi\u0165 jej \u00fatok, ke\u010f sa obr\u00e1ti proti n\u00e1m. Predn\u00e1\u0161ka pribl\u00ed\u017ei fascinuj\u00faci pr\u00edbeh tohto objavu, jeho v\u00fdznam pre modern\u00fa medic\u00ednu a uk\u00e1\u017ee, ako sa z\u00e1kladn\u00fd imunologick\u00fd v\u00fdskum men\u00ed na konkr\u00e9tne lie\u010debn\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy bud\u00facnosti.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:33px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-prirodovedecka-f-color has-text-color\"><strong>Nobelova cena za fyziku 20<\/strong>25<\/h4>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column82949_ffd0f8-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);}.kadence-column82949_ffd0f8-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column82949_ffd0f8-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:5px;border-top-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-left-radius:5px;}.kadence-column82949_ffd0f8-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column82949_ffd0f8-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column82949_ffd0f8-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column82949_ffd0f8-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:#F4F4F4;}.kadence-column82949_ffd0f8-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column82949_ffd0f8-f2{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column82949_ffd0f8-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column82949_ffd0f8-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column82949_ffd0f8-f2\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p><strong><strong>Ako mal\u00fd elektrick\u00fd obvod dok\u00e1zal, \u017ee kvantov\u00e1 mechanika funguje na ve\u013ekej \u0161k\u00e1le<\/strong><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Predn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00faci: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/PF\/zamestnanec\/martin.gmitra\/\">RNDr. Martin Gmitra, PhD.<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/pracoviska\/ustavy-pf\/ufv\/\">\u00dastav fyzik\u00e1lnych vied<\/a> PF UPJ\u0160 v&nbsp;Ko\u0161iciach<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Anot\u00e1cia:<\/strong> Kvantov\u00e1 mechanika je \u010dasto opisovan\u00e1 ako veda o ve\u013emi mal\u00fdch veciach \u2013 o at\u00f3moch, elektr\u00f3noch a \u010dasticiach, ktor\u00e9 sa spr\u00e1vaj\u00fa sp\u00f4sobom, ktor\u00fd je pre be\u017en\u00fd \u017eivot nezn\u00e1my. V objavoch, ktor\u00e9 boli ocenen\u00e9 Nobelovou cenou za fyziku v roku 2025, sa v\u0161ak kvantov\u00e9 efekty prejavuj\u00fa nie na mikroskopickej \u00farovni, ale v celom makroskopickom elektrickom obvode. T\u00e1to predn\u00e1\u0161ka predstav\u00ed fascinuj\u00faci pr\u00edbeh o tom, ako fyzici vytvorili mal\u00e9 supravodiv\u00e9 elementy a zistili, \u017ee sa m\u00f4\u017eu spr\u00e1va\u0165 ako umel\u00e9 at\u00f3my. Presk\u00famame, \u017ee zapojenie supravodiv\u00fdch elementov do jednoducho vyzeraj\u00faceho elektrick\u00e9ho obvodu po ochladen\u00ed takmer na absol\u00fatnu nulu sa st\u00e1va makroskopick\u00fdm kvantov\u00fdm objektom \u2013 objektom, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee unikn\u00fa\u0165 z potenci\u00e1lovej studne tunelovan\u00edm a ktor\u00e9ho energia je kvantovan\u00e1 podobne ako energia vibruj\u00facej molekuly. Tieto prekvapiv\u00e9 objavy nielen potvrdili, \u017ee kvantov\u00e1 mechanika popisuje syst\u00e9my ove\u013ea v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie ako je at\u00f3mov\u00e1 mierka, ale tie\u017e polo\u017eili z\u00e1klady pre dne\u0161n\u00e9 supravodiv\u00e9 qubity, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou kvantov\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:33px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vedenie fakulty poz\u00fdva \u0161tudentov, u\u010dite\u013eov ale aj absolventov a&nbsp;\u0161irok\u00fa verejnos\u0165 na stretnutie s&nbsp;vedcami Pr\u00edrodovedeckej fakulty UPJ\u0160 v Ko\u0161iciach, ktor\u00ed formou predn\u00e1\u0161ok pribl\u00ed\u017eia problematiku v\u00fdskumu, za ktor\u00fd boli udelen\u00e9 Nobelove ceny 2025 v&nbsp;kateg\u00f3ri\u00e1ch Fyzika, Ch\u00e9mia, Fyziol\u00f3gia\/Medic\u00edna. 11. december 2025, 9.00 h \u2013 \u017eiaci a&nbsp;u\u010ditelia S\u0160 \u0160rob\u00e1rova 2, aula prof. 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